The insect’s head (called the cephalic capsule) is the location for the appendages adapted to nutrition (mandibles, palp, maxillae, labium) and perception (eyes, ocelli, antenna). Each appendage is situated on a segment that (although separate) is difficult to see as such.  Careful examination reveals the following segments (cf. board) :

The shapes of the different mouth parts vary greatly from one insect family to another, but the general configuration remains the same: the Labrum (an upper “lip”), a pair of mandibles (jaws), a pair of maxillae, the labium which constitute a second pair of maxillae (fused modified limbs acting as accessory jaws) and finally the hypopharynx, where the salivary ducts are located and which acts as a tongue.

 This set of mouth parts is adapted for cutting and chewing and is found in Orthoptera (grasshoppers and crickets), Mantodea (praying Mantids), the Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies), some Coleoptera (beetles), and many hymenoptera (ants, bees, wasps).

 Although it may at first be difficult to identify them, these same mouth parts observed in the “chewing” type of insects are to be found in all insects. Butterflies who feed by sucking/licking would seem to possess different tools entirely, but closer study has lead to recognition of these parts as extravagant adaptations.